Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-12-2024

Comments

This article, first published by Frontiers Media, is the author's final published version in Frontiers in Microbiology, Volume 15, 2024, Article number 1415100.

The published version is available at https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1415100.

Copyright © 2024 Masuda and Hou

Abstract

Interpretation of the genetic code from triplets of nucleotides to amino acids is fundamental to life. This interpretation is achieved by cellular tRNAs, each reading a triplet codon through its complementary anticodon (positions 34–36) while delivering the amino acid charged to its 3′-end. This amino acid is then incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis on the ribosome. The quality and versatility of the interpretation is ensured not only by the codon-anticodon pairing, but also by the post-transcriptional modifications at positions 34 and 37 of each tRNA, corresponding to the wobble nucleotide at the first position of the anticodon and the nucleotide on the 3′-side of the anticodon, respectively. How each codon is read by the matching anticodon, and which modifications are required, cannot be readily predicted from the codon-anticodon pairing alone. Here we provide an easily accessible modification pattern that is integrated into the genetic code table. We focus on the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli as a model, which is one of the few organisms whose entire set of tRNA modifications and modification genes is identified and mapped. This work provides an important reference tool that will facilitate research in protein synthesis, which is at the core of the cellular life.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

PubMed ID

38933027

Language

English

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.