Session #4: Towards a More Complete Characterization of the Human MicroRNAome
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Event Website
https://cm.jefferson.edu/big-data-september-2020/
Start Date
9-9-2020 8:40 AM
End Date
9-9-2020 9:10 AM
Description
microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that have emerged as key regulators of biological processes in animals. Guided by Argonaute (AGO) proteins, these molecules interact with target proteins to post-transcriptionally regulate their expression through either translation inhibition or mRNA degradation. The complex networks formed between miRNAs and their target genes function in every cellular process and are essential for animal development, cellular differentiation and homeostasis. Based on these functional activities, it is not surprising that deregulation of miRNA function is associated to numerous diseases. As small RNA-seq has become a robust method to characterize microRNAs, they have captured miRNA isoforms (isomiRs). IsomiRs, are sequences with 5′ and/or 3′ nucleotide additions or subtractions that collectively make up the totality of a miRNA locus. Recent work has shown that isomiRs have distinct expression profiles that are dependent upon the tissue type and disease type, and have distinct sets of mRNA targets. The presence of many thousands of additional molecules will greatly increase the regulatory power the miRNAs and whose functional roles are currently uncharacterized. Understanding these critical regulatory molecules will provide new insights into the biological mechanisms of disease.
Session #4: Towards a More Complete Characterization of the Human MicroRNAome
microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that have emerged as key regulators of biological processes in animals. Guided by Argonaute (AGO) proteins, these molecules interact with target proteins to post-transcriptionally regulate their expression through either translation inhibition or mRNA degradation. The complex networks formed between miRNAs and their target genes function in every cellular process and are essential for animal development, cellular differentiation and homeostasis. Based on these functional activities, it is not surprising that deregulation of miRNA function is associated to numerous diseases. As small RNA-seq has become a robust method to characterize microRNAs, they have captured miRNA isoforms (isomiRs). IsomiRs, are sequences with 5′ and/or 3′ nucleotide additions or subtractions that collectively make up the totality of a miRNA locus. Recent work has shown that isomiRs have distinct expression profiles that are dependent upon the tissue type and disease type, and have distinct sets of mRNA targets. The presence of many thousands of additional molecules will greatly increase the regulatory power the miRNAs and whose functional roles are currently uncharacterized. Understanding these critical regulatory molecules will provide new insights into the biological mechanisms of disease.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/biginbigdata/2020/sep9/3
Comments
Presentation: 30:36