Session #4: Short Regulatory RNAs and their Impact Depend on Personal Attributes: Implications for Identifying Novel Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets, and for Precision Medicine
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Event Website
https://cm.jefferson.edu/big-data-september-2020/
Start Date
9-9-2020 8:10 AM
End Date
9-9-2020 8:40 AM
Description
We have been studying three types of short regulatory RNAs. They include: the isoforms of microRNAs that are known as “isomiRs”; the short RNA fragments that are derived from nuclear and mitochondrial transfer RNAs and are known as “tRFs”; and, the short RNA fragments that are derived from nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal RNAs and are known as “rRFs.” By analyzing datasets from thousands of healthy individuals and patients, we were able to show that isomiRs, tRFs and rRFs are produced in a regimented manner and are not degradation products. We also showed that the identities and abundances of all three RNA types depend on personal attributes such as sex, population-of-origin, and race/ethnicity, as well as on tissue, tissue state, and disease. Moreover, parallel work by others and us showed that isomiRs, tRFs and rRFs regulate messenger RNA and protein abundance. Taken together, the findings strongly suggest that, in health and in disease, the abundance of proteins in a given tissue depends on a person’s sex, population-of-origin and race/ethnicity. In fact, the available data indicates that all three categories of molecules are implicated in mechanistic events that contribute to disparities by race/ethnicity or by sex. So far, we have provided evidence to this effect for a number of diseases with documented disparities including triple negative breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, and kidney cancer.
In this presentation, I will provide an overview of our work with these molecules. I will also discuss how isomiRs, tRFs and rRFs can serve as powerful biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, and as novel candidate therapeutic targets. Lastly, I will describe the implications of these findings for the study of the molecular underpinnings of health disparities and for Precision Medicine.
Session #4: Short Regulatory RNAs and their Impact Depend on Personal Attributes: Implications for Identifying Novel Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets, and for Precision Medicine
We have been studying three types of short regulatory RNAs. They include: the isoforms of microRNAs that are known as “isomiRs”; the short RNA fragments that are derived from nuclear and mitochondrial transfer RNAs and are known as “tRFs”; and, the short RNA fragments that are derived from nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal RNAs and are known as “rRFs.” By analyzing datasets from thousands of healthy individuals and patients, we were able to show that isomiRs, tRFs and rRFs are produced in a regimented manner and are not degradation products. We also showed that the identities and abundances of all three RNA types depend on personal attributes such as sex, population-of-origin, and race/ethnicity, as well as on tissue, tissue state, and disease. Moreover, parallel work by others and us showed that isomiRs, tRFs and rRFs regulate messenger RNA and protein abundance. Taken together, the findings strongly suggest that, in health and in disease, the abundance of proteins in a given tissue depends on a person’s sex, population-of-origin and race/ethnicity. In fact, the available data indicates that all three categories of molecules are implicated in mechanistic events that contribute to disparities by race/ethnicity or by sex. So far, we have provided evidence to this effect for a number of diseases with documented disparities including triple negative breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, and kidney cancer.
In this presentation, I will provide an overview of our work with these molecules. I will also discuss how isomiRs, tRFs and rRFs can serve as powerful biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, and as novel candidate therapeutic targets. Lastly, I will describe the implications of these findings for the study of the molecular underpinnings of health disparities and for Precision Medicine.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/biginbigdata/2020/sep9/2
Comments
Presentation: 30:03