Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-22-2020
Abstract
Neurodegeneration of the central and enteric nervous systems is a common feature of aging and aging-related diseases, and is accelerated in individuals with metabolic dysfunction including obesity and diabetes. The molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in both the CNS and ENS are overlapping. Sirtuins are an important family of histone deacetylases that are important for genome stability, cellular response to stress, and nutrient and hormone sensing. They are activated by calorie restriction (CR) and by the coenzyme, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Sirtuins, specifically the nuclear SIRT1 and mitochondrial SIRT3, have been shown to have predominantly neuroprotective roles in the CNS while the cytoplasmic sirtuin, SIRT2 is largely associated with neurodegeneration. A systematic study of sirtuins in the ENS and their effect on enteric neuronal growth and survival has not been conducted. Recent studies, however, also link sirtuins with important hormones such as leptin, ghrelin, melatonin, and serotonin which influence many important processes including satiety, mood, circadian rhythm, and gut homeostasis. In this review, we address emerging roles of sirtuins in modulating the metabolic challenges from aging, obesity, and diabetes that lead to neurodegeneration in the ENS and CNS. We also highlight a novel role for sirtuins along the microbiota-gut-brain axis in modulating neurodegeneration.
Recommended Citation
Chandramowlishwaran, Pavithra; Vijay, Anitha; Abraham, Daniel; Li, Ge; Mwangi, Simon Musyoka; and Srinivasan, Shanthi, "Role of Sirtuins in Modulating Neurodegeneration of the Enteric Nervous System and Central Nervous System." (2020). Student Papers, Posters & Projects. Paper 62.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/student_papers/62
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Language
English
Comments
This is the full text of the article from Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020 Dec 22;14:614331.
The article can also be found on the journal's website: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.614331
Copyright. The Authors.