How Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Perceive Respiratory Interventions: A Mixed-Methods Study to Inform Implementation Efforts

Authors

• Jason Ackrivo
• Danny Bracy
• Lauren B. Elman
• John Hansen-Flaschen
• Zachary Simmons
• Piera Pasinelli, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
• Terry Heiman-Patterson
• Steven M. Kawut
• Meghan B. Lane-Fall

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-1-2025

Comments

This article is the author’s final published version in Neurology: Clinical Practice, Volume 15, Issue 6, 2025, Article number e077471.

The published version is available at https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077471. Copyright © e200560.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that commonly leads to respiratory failure. Early respiratory interventions that may improve symptoms and outcomes are underused when prescribed. We sought to characterize patient perspectives and preferences for respiratory care to enable identification of implementation strategies to improve the uptake of ALS respiratory interventions.

METHODS: A prospective multicenter mixed-methods observational study was conducted using semistructured interviews of participants recently diagnosed with ALS at 4 academic centers in the United States. Eligible patients were those with an ALS diagnosis in the previous 12 months, forced vital capacity < 80% predicted normal, or presence of dyspnea or orthopnea.

RESULTS: Twenty-four patients with ALS were interviewed. Ten participants were using some form of respiratory therapy, including 8 using noninvasive ventilation (NIV). The most endorsed factors related to openness to initiate respiratory therapy were a doctor's recommendation and abnormal pulmonary function test results. The most commonly endorsed preferences for learning about a respiratory device included kinesthetic and reading. Descriptions of lung volume recruitment were received with more openness than of NIV. For those not prescribed NIV, reasons for hesitancy to start NIV included fear of mask discomfort, claustrophobia, and lack of perceived benefit. Perceptions about NIV differed in participants identifying as "proactive" rather than "reactive" with their health.

DISCUSSION: Patients in the first year after ALS diagnosis have variable receptiveness to respiratory care. These patients place different weights on the factors supporting NIV and may have different educational needs about respiratory interventions. Implementation strategies for respiratory care interventions in ALS should consider patients' motivations for adopting interventions such as NIV, provide multiple educational formats, and identify barriers to incorporating home respiratory care.

Recommended Citation

Ackrivo, Jason; Bracy, Danny; Elman, Lauren B.; Hansen-Flaschen, John; Simmons, Zachary; Pasinelli, Piera; Heiman-Patterson, Terry; Kawut, Steven M.; and Lane-Fall, Meghan B., "How Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Perceive Respiratory Interventions: A Mixed-Methods Study to Inform Implementation Efforts" (2025). Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers. Paper 95.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/department_neuroscience/95

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

Language

English