Radiation protection of the gastrointestinal tract and growth inhibition of prostate cancer xenografts by a single compound.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-1-2014
Abstract
Normal tissue toxicity markedly reduces the therapeutic index of genotoxic anticancer agents, including ionizing radiation. Countermeasures against tissue damage caused by radiation are limited by their potential to also protect malignant cells and tissues. Here, we tested a panel of signal transduction modifiers for selective radioprotection of normal but not tumor tissues. These included three inhibitors of GSK3 (LiCl, SB216763, and SB415286) and two inhibitors of NF-κB (ethyl pyruvate and RTA 408). Among these, the thiol-reactive triterpenoid RTA 408 emerged as a robust and effective protector of multiple organ systems (gastrointestinal, skin, and hemopoietic) against lethal doses of radiation. RTA 408 preserved survival and proliferation of intestinal crypt cells in lethally irradiated mice while reducing apoptosis incidence in crypts and villi. In contrast, RTA 408 uniformly inhibited growth of established CWR22Rv1, LNCaP/C4-2B, PC3, and DU145 xenografts either alone or combined with radiation. Antitumor effects in vivo were associated with reduced proliferation and intratumoral apoptosis and with inhibition of NF-κB-dependent transcription in PC3 cells. Selective protection of normal tissue compartments by RTA 408 critically depended on tissue context and could not be replicated in vitro. Collectively, these data highlight the potential of RTA 408 as a cytoprotective agent that may be safely used in chemoradiation approaches.
Recommended Citation
Alexeev, Vitali; Lash, Elizabeth; Aguillard, April; Corsini, Laura; Bitterman, Avi; Ward, Keith; Dicker, Adam MD, PhD; Linnenbach, Alban; and Rodeck, Ulrich, "Radiation protection of the gastrointestinal tract and growth inhibition of prostate cancer xenografts by a single compound." (2014). Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers. Paper 58.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/radoncfp/58
PubMed ID
25398830
Comments
This article has been peer reviewed. It was published in: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics.
Volume 13, Issue 12, 1 December 2014, Pages 2968-2977.
The published version is available at DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-0354
Copyright © 2014 AACR