Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-30-2025
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Uveal melanoma is a rare but aggressive intraocular malignancy that metastasizes in up to half of patients, most commonly to the liver, despite effective local treatment. In the absence of robust evidence, there are no standardized guidelines for post-treatment surveillance, resulting in wide variation in imaging modalities, frequency, and duration across physicians and institutions. This study aimed to develop expert consensus recommendations for surveillance strategies in patients with uveal melanoma.
METHODS: A modified Delphi method was conducted across three iterative survey rounds between September 2024 and February 2025 using an online platform. Panelists included medical oncologists, ocular oncologists, radiologists, and surgical oncologists from North America. A multidisciplinary steering committee developed statements addressing risk-based surveillance using both molecular and clinical prognostic factors, including gene expression profiling (GEP) and PRAME status. Consensus was defined a priori as ≥70% of panelists rating a statement 7-9 on a 9-point Likert scale.
RESULTS: Forty-nine experts were invited, and 41 completed at least one survey round. The panel represented 17 U.S. states, Washington, D.C., and two Canadian provinces. Twelve statements reached stable consensus, including recommendations for imaging modality, frequency, and duration in intermediate- and high-risk patients. Although there was agreement that low-risk patients warrant surveillance, no consensus was reached on the optimal approach for this group.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to provide consensus-based guidance incorporating GEP and PRAME status into surveillance recommendations for uveal melanoma, offering a standardized framework to guide clinical practice and future research.
Recommended Citation
Alban, Juan; Bowen, R. Christopher; Reichstein, David A.; McKean, Meredith; Lutzky, Jose; Weis, Ezekiel; Carvajal, Richard D.; Dulka, Susan; Morse, Brian G.; Butler, Marcus O.; Rapisuwon, Suthee; Kim, Kevin B.; Chandrasekaran, Sanjay; Warner, Allison Betof; Zager, Jonathan S.; Chmielowski, Bartosz; Patel, Sapna P.; Hernandez-Aya, Leonel Fernando; Correa, Zelia M.; Fecher, Leslie A.; Najjar, Yana G.; Montazeri, Kamaneh; Shoushtari, Alexander N.; Javed, Asad; Gombos, Dan S.; Salama, April K. S.; Tsai, Katy; Miller, Frank H.; Khushalani, Nikhil; Seedor, Rino S.; Lipson, Evan J.; Reddy, Sunil A.; Buchbinder, Elizabeth; Bhatia, Shailender; Pavlick, Anna; Mehmi, Inderjit; Aaberg, Thomas; Ikeguchi, Alexandra P.; Kim, Ivana K.; Walter, Scott D.; Singh, Arun D.; Sullivan, Ryan J.; Choi, Jacob S.; Williams, Basil K.; Orloff, Marlana; Mruthyunjaya, Prithvi; Schollenberger, Megan D.; Gandhi, Namita; Harbour, J. William; and Chandra, Sunandana, "Metastatic Uveal Melanoma Surveillance: A Delphi Panel Consensus" (2025). Department of Radiology Faculty Papers. Paper 190.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/radiologyfp/190
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
PubMed ID
41514630
Language
English
Comments
This article is the author’s final published version in Cancers, Volume 18, Issue 1, 2026, Article number 121.
The published version is available at https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18010121. Copyright © 2025 by the authors.