Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-2010
Abstract
Purpose: To identify mechanisms for the impact of visual media use on adolescents' school performance.
Methods: We conducted a 24-month, four-wave longitudinal telephone study of a national sample of 6,486 youth aged 10 to 14 years. Exposure measures: latent construct for screen exposure time (weekday time spent viewing television/playing videogames, presence of television in bedroom) and variables for movie content (proportion of PG-13 and R movies viewed).
Outcome measure: self- and parent reports of grades in school. Effects of media exposures on change in school performance between baseline and 24 months were assessed using structural equation modeling. Information about hypothesized mediators (substance use, sensation seeking, and school problem behavior) was obtained at baseline and at the 16-month follow-up.
Results: Adjusted for baseline school performance, baseline levels of mediators, and a range of covariates, both screen exposure time and media content had adverse effects on change in school performance. Screen exposure had an indirect effect on poor school performance through increased sensation seeking. Viewing more PG-13 and R-rated movies had indirect effects on poor school performance mediated through increases in substance use and sensation seeking. R-rated viewing also had an indirect effect on poor school performance through increased school behavior problems. The effect sizes of exposure time and content on the intermediate variables and ultimately on school performance were similar to those for previously recognized determinants of these mediators, including household income, parenting style, and adolescents' self-control.
Conclusions: These aspects of visual media use adversely affect school performance by increasing sensation seeking, substance use, and school problem behavior.
Recommended Citation
Sharif, MD, MPH, Iman; Wills, PhD, Thomas A.; and Sargent, MD, James D., "Effect of Visual Media Use on School Performance: A Prospective Study" (2010). Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers. Paper 20.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/pedsfp/20
Comments
This article has been peer reviewed. It is the authors' final version prior to publication in Journal of Adolescent Health Volume 46, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 52-61. The published version is available at DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.05.012. Copyright © Elsevier Inc.