Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-2014

Comments

This article has been peer reviewed. It is the authors' final version prior to publication in Epilepsy and Behavior
Volume 34, May 2014, Pages 105-108. The published version is available at DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.03.008. Copyright © Elsevier Inc.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The extent to which enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAEDs) are used as first-line treatment in the United States remains unknown. Studies suggest that EIAEDs produce elevation of serum lipids, which could require additional treatment. We assessed the current use of EIAED in monotherapy for epilepsy in the U.S., as well as the correlation between the use of EIAEDs and subsequent new prescriptions for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ("statins") for hyperlipidemia.

METHODS: We queried the MarketScan® databases between July 2009 and January 2013, covering 66million patients with commercial or supplemental Medicare insurance. We identified individuals who had a diagnosis of seizures, continuous enrollment in the database from 6months prior to 24months after the epilepsy diagnosis, no utilization of an AED or a statin prior to that diagnosis, and at least 1 new AED prescription. We tabulated the fraction of subjects who were prescribed EIAEDs (phenytoin, carbamazepine, or barbiturates) and those prescribed all other AEDs. Rates of new statin prescription between 1 and 24months after AED prescription were assessed among the two groups, restricted to those with no prior history of vascular disease who had lipid serology obtained subsequent to the new AED prescription.

RESULTS: Of the 11,893 patients with newly treated epilepsy, 2425 (20.4%) were started on an EIAED, and 9468 (79.6%) were started on a noninducing AED. There was a consistent and significant trend for EIAEDs to be increasingly prescribed with increasing age (p

CONCLUSIONS: Enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drug prescription for epilepsy appears to increase with increasing age in the U.S. despite the absence of a cogent rationale for this practice, suggesting a failure to appreciate the complications of EIAED therapy among U.S. physicians. Statins were more often prescribed to those newly treated with EIAEDs compared with those given noninducing AEDs. These preliminary data provide further evidence suggesting that EIAEDs elevate lipids in a clinically meaningful manner.

PubMed ID

24735835

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