Document Type

Article

Publication Date

10-25-2025

Comments

This article is the author's final published version in JTCVS Open, Volume 28, December 2025, Pages 736-752.

The published version is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjon.2025.10.005. Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Cardiothoracic surgery requires mastery of a broad knowledge base and advanced skillset to manage critically ill patients. Although competency-based assessment frameworks have been developed in several specialties, there remains a paucity of resources to guide practical progression for early cardiothoracic surgical trainees.

METHODS: Members of the Thoracic Surgery Residents Association, Thoracic Surgery Medical Student Association, and attending cardiothoracic surgeons with a strong track record of surgical education were invited to share their insights and experiences. A structured, milestone-driven roadmap was developed on the basis of their contributions.

RESULTS: We developed a structured, competency-based framework for early surgical trainees, with an emphasis on progressive development of clinical knowledge, technical skills, and academic proficiency. Key milestones and applicable resources were curated to help guide independent learning and skill acquisition.

CONCLUSIONS: This structured roadmap offers early-stage cardiothoracic surgery trainees a competency-guided path toward proficiency. By providing clear guidance and granular action points, this guide may help facilitate independent learning and prepare residents for advanced cardiothoracic surgical training.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

Language

English

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