The Impact of Operative Level on Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Following Single-Level Posterior Lumbar Decompression for Disc Herniation

Authors

Jonathan Dalton, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Robert Oris, Thomas Jefferson University
Omar Tarawneh, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Gregory Toci, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Rajkishen Narayanan, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Dominic Finan, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Hannah Bash, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Marco Goldberg, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
John Mangan, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Barrett Woods, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Mark Kurd, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Ian Kaye, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Jose Canseco, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Alan Hilibrand, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Alex Vaccaro, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Gregory Schroeder, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow
Christopher Kepler, Thomas Jefferson UniversityFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

7-3-2025

Comments

This article is the author’s final published version in Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine, Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 218-223.

The published version is available at https://doi.org/10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_66_25. Copyright © 2025 Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare the impact of upper versus lower lumbar decompression on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing L1-L2, L2-L3, L4-L5, or L5-S1 single-level elective decompression with 1-year PROMs were identified. Included PROMs were the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS) back and leg, and Short Form-12 physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component scores. Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) were calculated. Multivariable regressions assessed the independent predictive ability of operative level controlling for demographic confounders.

RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-six patients were included (94 upper lumbar decompressions). Upper lumbar decompression patients were older (64.0 vs. 46.9, P < 0.001), had higher body mass index (BMI) (31.4 vs. 28.4, P < 0.001) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (3.15 vs. 1.56, P < 0.001), and more commonly had diabetes (19.5% vs. 7.69%, P = 0.017). These patients had similar 1-year scores in ODI, VAS leg, and MCS but performed worse at 1 year in VAS back (3.58 vs. 2.75, P = 0.016) and at 6 months in ODI (24.5 vs. 17.9, P = 0.005) and were less likely to achieve MCID in PCS (48.8% vs. 64.4%, P = 0.041). However, multivariable regression did not identify upper lumbar decompression as independently associated with 1-year VAS back scores, 6-month ODI scores, or MCID achievement in PCS after controlling for age, BMI, diabetes, and CCI.

CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing upper lumbar decompression demonstrated worse PROMs. However, multivariable analyses suggested these differences were attributable to comorbidity burden and BMI, rather than operative level. This suggests that surgeons and patients can expect similar pain and function improvement from upper lumbar decompression when accounting for baseline patient characteristics.

Recommended Citation

Dalton, Jonathan; Oris, Robert; Tarawneh, Omar; Toci, Gregory; Narayanan, Rajkishen; Finan, Dominic; Bash, Hannah; Goldberg, Marco; Mangan, John; Woods, Barrett; Kurd, Mark; Kaye, Ian; Canseco, Jose; Hilibrand, Alan; Vaccaro, Alex; Schroeder, Gregory; and Kepler, Christopher, "The Impact of Operative Level on Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Following Single-Level Posterior Lumbar Decompression for Disc Herniation" (2025). Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers. Paper 247.
https://jdc.jefferson.edu/orthofp/247

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License.

PubMed ID

40756484

Language

English