Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-23-2024

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Course: LS 803 Contemporary Topics Research

Course Instructor: Dr. Paula McCourt

Department: Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology Department, Jefferson College of Health Professionals

Abstract

Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a B-cell lymphoma with two distinct entities: classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) and Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL). Based on different tumor microenvironments, cHL is divided into four subtypes: Nodular Sclerosis CHL (NSCHL), Mixed Cellularity CHL (MCCHL), Lymphocyte-Depleted CHL (LDCHL), and Lymphocyte-Rich CHL (LRCHL). cHL and NLPHL have similar histology features, low concentration of malignant cells within abundant inflammation, the most significant difference is the molecular profiles of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells and Lymphocyte Predominant (LP) cells. HL has a high cure rate with frontline treatment, but a small percentage of patients do not achieve treatment success, and some experience disease relapse or become refractory. For these relapsed or refractory cases, increased cycles of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy are implemented, which raises the incidence of secondary malignancies, dysplasia, or cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, current research explores the molecular profiles of malignant cells and tumor microenvironments to investigate novel targeted therapies and disease surveillance markers. This article mainly discusses the current research progress on anti-CD30 CAR-T, anti-PD-1, and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). These novel immunotherapies and molecular tests are promising for relapsed or refractory HL, as well as early-stage HL, but additional supporting data is needed. Future research should consider long-term treatment effects and resistance to immunotherapy. Furthermore, the development of molecular tests is necessary to improve early diagnosis.

Language

English

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