Title

AR function in promoting metastatic prostate cancer.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-1-2014

Comments

This article has been peer reviewed. It was published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews.

Volume 33, Issue 2-3, September 2014, Pages 399-411.

The published version is available at DOI: 10.1007/s10555-013-9471-3

Copyright © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA. While localized lesions are effectively treated through radical prostatectomy and/or radiation therapy, treatment for metastatic disease leverages the addiction of these tumors on the androgen receptor (AR) signaling axis for growth and disease progression. Though initially effective, tumors resistant to AR-directed therapeutics ultimately arise (a stage of the disease known as castration-resistant prostate cancer) and are responsible for PCa-specific mortality. Importantly, an abundance of clinical and preclinical evidence strongly implicates AR signaling cascades in the development of metastatic disease in both early and late stages, and thus a concerted effort has been made to delineate the AR-specific programs that facilitate progression to metastatic PCa. A multitude of downstream AR targets as well as critical AR cofactors have been identified which impinge upon both the AR pathway as well as associated metastatic phenotypes. This review will highlight the functional significance of these pathways to disseminated disease and define the molecular underpinnings behind these unique, AR-driven, metastatic signatures.

PubMed ID

24425228

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